Ibyabaye "uburozi bwa capsule" byabaye muri Mata umwaka ushize byatumye abaturage bahagarika umutima kubera ibiyobyabwenge (ibiryo) byateguwe na capsule, nuburyo bwo gukuraho ingaruka zishobora guhungabanya umutekano no kurinda umutekano w’ibiyobyabwenge bya capsule (ibiryo) byabaye ikibazo cyihutirwa kuri gusuzumwa.Mu minsi mike ishize, Porofeseri Feng Guoping wahoze ari umuyobozi wungirije w’ishami rishinzwe iyandikisha ry’ibiyobyabwenge mu kigo cya Leta gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge akaba na visi perezida w’ishyirahamwe ry’imiti y’imiti mu Bushinwa, yavuze ko kubera kwinjiza ibihimbano bya capsules y’inyamanswa cyangwa umwanda w’ubukorikori biterwa na ibyuma biremereye birenze ibipimo, biragoye gukira, kandi inzira yo kwanduza ibihimbano bya capsules yibihingwa irashobora kuba nto, bityo gusimbuza capsules yinyamanswa na capsules yibihingwa nuburyo bwibanze bwo gukemura indwara yinangiye yanduye ya capsule, ariko ikigaragara ni uko igiciro cya capsules yibihingwa kiri hejuru gato.

Hamwe n’indwara zandura zikomoka ku nyamaswa ku isi, umuryango mpuzamahanga uhangayikishijwe cyane n’umutekano w’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa.Ibihingwa bya capsules bifite ibyiza byingenzi kurenza inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa gelatine muburyo bukoreshwa, umutekano, umutekano, no kurengera ibidukikije.

Mu myaka mike ishize, capsules yibihingwa yagaragaye kugeza ubu, mubihugu byateye imbere mu miti n’ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima ukoresheje capsules y’ibihingwa ku kigero cyo hejuru kandi kiri hejuru.Amerika irasaba kandi ko umugabane w isoko rya capsules yibihingwa ugera hejuru ya 80% mumyaka mike.Capsules y’ibihingwa yakozwe na Jiangsu Chenxing Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd. yatsindiye kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa by’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mu rwego rw’igihugu, biruta capsules y’inyamanswa mu mpande zose, kandi bikwiranye cyane cyane n’ibiyobyabwenge birwanya ubuzima ndetse n’ibiyobyabwenge, ubuvuzi gakondo bwabashinwa nibicuruzwa byubuvuzi buhanitse.Kubwibyo, capsules yibihingwa nibisimburwa byanze bikunze inyamanswa ya gelatine.

Mu ngingo zikurikira, turaza kuvuga muri make ibijyanye nubusumbane bwibimera bya capsules kurenza inyamanswa ya gelatin.
 
1. Gutera capsule yinganda ninganda zidahumanya ibidukikije
Nkuko twese tubizi, kubyara no gukuramo gelatine yinyamanswa bikozwe muguhindura uruhu namagufwa yinyamanswa nkibikoresho fatizo binyuze mumiti ya chimique, kandi umubare munini wibigize imiti byongewe mubikorwa.Umuntu wese wagiye muruganda rwa gelatin azi ko gutunganya ibihingwa mbisi bitanga impumuro nziza, kandi bizakoresha umutungo wamazi menshi, bitera umwanda mwinshi mwikirere n’amazi.Mu bihugu byateye imbere mu Burengerazuba, bitewe n’amabwiriza y’igihugu, abakora gelatine benshi bimurira inganda zabo mu bihugu bya gatatu by’isi kugira ngo bagabanye umwanda ku bidukikije.

Byinshi mu gukuramo amenyo y’ibimera ni ugufata uburyo bwo gukuramo umubiri, gukurwa mu bimera byo mu nyanja no ku isi, bitazatanga impumuro iboze, kandi bikagabanya cyane amazi yakoreshejwe kandi bikagabanya kwanduza ibidukikije.

Mubikorwa byo gukora capsule, nta bintu byangiza byongeweho, kandi nta bihumanya ibidukikije bihari.Igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha imyanda ya gelatine ni gito, kandi umubare munini w’imyanda ihumanya iyo imyanda yajugunywe.Kubwibyo, uruganda rwacu rwa capsule rutanga umusaruro rushobora kwitwa "zero emission".

2. Guhagarara kw'ibikoresho fatizo bya capsules y'ibihingwa
Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora gelatine biva mumirambo inyamaswa zitandukanye nk'ingurube, inka, intama, nibindi, n'indwara y'inka yasaze, ibicurane by'ibiguruka, indwara yo mu matwi y'ubururu, indwara y'ibirenge n'umunwa n'ibindi byagaragaye cyane. mu myaka yashize ikomoka ku nyamaswa.Iyo hakenewe gukurikirana ibiyobyabwenge, akenshi biragoye gukurikirana mugihe hafashwe ingamba za capsule mbisi.Ibimera by'ibimera biva mu bimera bisanzwe, bishobora gukemura neza ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru.
FDA yo muri Amerika yatanze amabwiriza mbere, yizera ko mu myaka yashize, umugabane w’isoko rya capsules y’ibihingwa ku isoko ry’Amerika uzagera kuri 80%, kandi imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zibitera nacyo ni ikibazo cyavuzwe haruguru.

Ubu, ibigo byinshi bikorerwamo ibya farumasi byagiye bihagarika inshuro nyinshi ibigo bitanga amasoko ya capsules yubusa kubera ibibazo byigiciro, kandi capsules hollow irashobora gukoresha gelatine ihendutse gusa kugirango igere ikirenge mu cyubuzima bubi.Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’Ubushinwa Gelatin bubitangaza, igiciro cy’isoko rya gelatine isanzwe y’imiti igera ku bihumbi 50.000 / toni, mu gihe igiciro cy’ubururu bw’uruhu rw’ubururu ari 15.000 gusa - 20.000 / toni.Kubwibyo, bamwe mubakora uruganda rutitonda babitwarwa ninyungu zo gukoresha kole yubururu ya alum yubururu (gelatine itunganyirizwa mu myenda yinshato zinkweto zinkweto) zishobora gukoreshwa gusa munganda nka biribwa, imiti ya gelatine cyangwa ikoreshwa.Igisubizo cyuruziga rubi nuko ubuzima bwabantu basanzwe bigoye kubyemeza.

3. Gutera capsules idafite ubusa ntabwo ifite ibyago byo guterwa
Ibihingwa byitwa capsules bifite ubudahangarwa bukomeye kandi ntibyoroshye guhuza imiti irimo aldehyde.Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya gelatine capsules ni kolagen, byoroshye guhuza aside aside amine hamwe nibiyobyabwenge bishingiye kuri aldehyde, bikavamo ingaruka mbi nko kumara igihe kinini capsule isenyuka kandi bikagabanuka gushonga.

4. Amazi make ya capsules yibihingwa
Ubushuhe bwa gelatin hollow capsules iri hagati ya 12.5-17.5%.Gelatin capsules irimo amazi menshi ikunda kworoha byoroshye ubuhehere bwibirimo cyangwa kwinjizwa nibirimo, bigatuma capsules yoroshye cyangwa yoroheje, bigira ingaruka kumiti ubwayo.

Amazi yibimera bya capsule yibihingwa bigenzurwa hagati ya 5 - 8%, ntabwo byoroshye kubyitwaramo nibirimo, kandi birashobora kugumana imiterere myiza yumubiri nko gukomera kubintu biri mumitungo itandukanye.
 
5. Gutera capsules yoroshe kubika, kugabanya igiciro cyo kubika ibigo
Gelatin hollow capsules ifite ibisabwa cyane kugirango ibintu bibike kandi bigomba kubikwa no gutwarwa ku bushyuhe buri gihe.Biroroshye koroshya no guhindura ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ubuhehere bwinshi, kandi biroroshye guhonyora no gukomera mugihe ubushyuhe buke cyangwa ubuhehere buke.
 
Gutera capsules yubusa ifite ibihe byoroheje.Hagati yubushyuhe 10 - 40 ° C, ubuhehere buri hagati ya 35 - 65%, nta guhinduka kworoheje cyangwa gukomera no gukomera.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwa 35%, igipimo cy’ubukonje bwa capsules y’ibimera ≤2%, naho kuri 80 ° C, capsule ihinduka ≤1%.
Ibisabwa kubika neza birashobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubika imishinga.
 
6. Gutera capsules zirashobora gutandukanya imikoranire numwuka wo hanze
Ibintu nyamukuru bigize gelatin hollow capsules ni kolagen, kandi imiterere yibikoresho byayo bibisi byerekana ko guhumeka kwayo gukomeye, bigatuma ibiyirimo bishobora guhura ningaruka mbi nkubushuhe na mikorobe mu kirere.
Imiterere yibikoresho bya capsules yibihingwa byerekana ko ishobora gutandukanya neza ibiri mu kirere kandi ikirinda ingaruka mbi n’umwuka.
 
7. Igihagararo cya capsules yibihingwa
Igihe cyemewe cya gelatin hollow capsules muri rusange ni amezi 18, kandi ubuzima bwubuzima bwa capsules ni bugufi, akenshi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwibi biyobyabwenge.
Igihe cyemewe cyibihingwa bya capsules muri rusange ni amezi 36, byongera cyane itariki yo kurangiriraho ibicuruzwa.

8. Gutera capsules idafite ubusa ntigisigara nka preservatives
Gelatin hollow capsules mu musaruro kugirango ikumire imikurire ya mikorobe izongeramo imiti igabanya ubukana nka methyl parahydroxybenzoate, niba umubare wongeyeho urenze urugero runaka, amaherezo ushobora kugira ingaruka kuri arsenic irenze igipimo.Muri icyo gihe, capsules ya gelatin igomba guhagarikwa nyuma yumusaruro urangiye, kandi kuri ubu, hafi ya capsules hafi ya zose zahinduwe hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene, kandi hazaba ibisigazwa bya chloroethanol muri capsules nyuma yo guhagarika okiside ya Ethylene, kandi ibisigazwa bya chloroethane. birabujijwe mu mahanga.

9. Gutera capsules idafite ibyuma bifite uburemere buke
Ukurikije ibipimo byigihugu, ibyuma biremereye byinyamanswa ya gelatin ya capsules ntishobora kurenga 50ppm, kandi ibyuma biremereye bya gelatine yujuje ibyangombwa ni 40 - 50ppm.Mubyongeyeho, ibicuruzwa byinshi bitujuje ibyangombwa byamabuye aremereye birenze kure ibisanzwe.By'umwihariko, "uburozi capsule" bwabaye mu myaka yashize buterwa no kurenza icyuma kiremereye "chromium".

10. Gutera capsules yubusa irashobora kubuza imikurire ya bagiteri
Ibikoresho nyamukuru byinyamanswa ya gelatin hollow capsules ni kolagen, izwi cyane nkumuco wa bagiteri ugira uruhare mukwiyongera kwa bagiteri.Niba bidakozwe neza, umubare wa bagiteri uzarenza ibisanzwe kandi uzagwira ari mwinshi.
 
Ibikoresho fatizo byingenzi bya capsules yibihingwa ni fibre yibihingwa, ntabwo igwiza bagiteri nyinshi gusa, ahubwo inabuza gukura kwa bagiteri.Ikizamini kigaragaza ko capsule y’ibihingwa ishyirwa mu bidukikije igihe kirekire kandi ishobora kugumana umubare w’ibinyabuzima bito mu rwego rw’igihugu.

11. Gutera capsules zifite ubusa zuzuye zuzuza ibidukikije, bigabanya ibiciro byumusaruro
Inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa gelatin hollow capsules zifite ibisabwa byinshi kubushyuhe nubushuhe bwibidukikije mugihe wuzuza ibiri mumashini yuzuza byikora.Ubushyuhe n'ubukonje biri hejuru cyane, kandi capsules yoroshye kandi ihindagurika;Ubushyuhe n'ubukonje biri hasi cyane, kandi capsules irakomeye kandi ifatanye;Ibi bizagira ingaruka cyane kuri mashini yimodoka ya capsule.Kubwibyo, ibidukikije bikora bigomba kubikwa hafi 20-24 ° C, nubushuhe bugomba kuguma kuri 45-55%.
Capsules yibihingwa byoroheje byoroheje bisabwa kugirango ibidukikije bikore byuzuye, hamwe nubushyuhe buri hagati ya 15 - 30 ° C nubushuhe buri hagati ya 35 - 65%, bishobora kugumana igipimo cyiza cyimashini.
Byaba ibisabwa mubidukikije bikora cyangwa igipimo cyimashini igenda, igiciro cyo gukoresha kirashobora kugabanuka.
 
12. Gutera capsules yubusa irakwiriye kubakoresha amoko atandukanye
Capsules yinyamanswa ya gelatin ikozwe cyane cyane muruhu rwinyamanswa, irwanywa n’abayisilamu, Koshers, n’ibikomoka ku bimera.
Capsules yibihingwa ikozwe mumibabi isanzwe yibimera nkibikoresho nyamukuru, bibereye ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose.

13. Gutera ibicuruzwa bya capsule bifite agaciro kongerewe agaciro
Nubwo igiciro cyisoko rya capsules yibihingwa biri hejuru gato, gifite ibyiza byingenzi kuruta inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa gelatin.Mu miti yo mu rwego rwo hejuru n'ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima byemejwe, bitezimbere cyane urwego rw'ibicuruzwa, bifasha ubuzima bw'abaguzi, cyane cyane bibereye imiti igabanya ubukana, ubuvuzi gakondo bw'Abashinwa n'ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru n'ibindi bicuruzwa, bityo ko ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro kanini kongerewe kandi kurushanwa.

Yaba imiti cyangwa ibicuruzwa byubuzima, capsules nuburyo bukuru bwa dosiye.Ariko 50% byibicuruzwa byubuzima byanditswe mubihugu birenga 10,000 ni form ya capsule.Ubushinwa butanga capsules zirenga miliyari 200 ku mwaka, zose zikaba ari gelatine capsules kugeza ubu.

Mu myaka yashize, ibyabaye "uburozi bwa capsule" byagaragaje ibibazo byinshi bya capsules gakondo ya gelatine, kandi binagaragaza abantu benshi batameze neza mubikorwa bya capsule.Igihingwa cya capsule nigisubizo cyingenzi gishobora gukemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru.Ibihingwa bya hollow capsule amahugurwa menshi-yubuhinzi, ibisabwa cyane mubikorwa byinshi byo gutunganya umusaruro, bifatanije nisoko yibikoresho byakoreshejwe ni fibre imwe yibihingwa, birashobora gukumira neza kwinjiza bike, kugiciro gito, ikorana buhanga rito imishinga mito yo kwinjiramo, ariko kandi ikarinda neza hasi -cost, yujuje ibyangombwa, yangiza gelatine ihinduka ibikoresho nyamukuru bya capsule.

Mu ntangiriro za 2000, Amerika yahimbye capsule y’igihingwa, kandi igiciro cyayo cyo kugurisha cyamanutse kiva ku mafaranga arenga 1.000 kigera ku mafaranga arenga 500.Ku isoko ry’ibihugu byateye imbere nka Amerika n’Uburayi, cyane cyane mu myaka yashize, umugabane w’isoko rya capsules y’ibihingwa wazamutse ugera kuri 50%, wiyongera ku gipimo cya 30% ku mwaka.Iterambere ryubwiyongere riteye ubwoba cyane, kandi ikoreshwa rya capsules yibihingwa mubihugu byateye imbere byabaye inzira.

Ufatanije n'ibyavuzwe haruguru, capsules yibihingwa ifite ibyiza byinshi kandi bidasubirwaho ugereranije na capitula ya gelatin.Ibihingwa bya capsules ntibishobora kwanduzwa mu buryo bwa gihanga, bityo gusimbuza inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa capsules n’ibiti by’ibimera ni inzira y’ibanze yo gukemura indwara ikomeje kwanduzwa na capsule.Ifite agaciro kandi mu bihugu byateye imbere mu mahanga, kandi ikoreshwa buhoro buhoro mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye mu nganda zimiti, inganda zita ku buzima, n’inganda zikora ibiribwa.Birashobora kugaragara ko nubwo capsules yibihingwa idashobora gusimbuza burundu capsules ya gelatine, igomba kuba igicuruzwa cyingenzi cyo gusimbuza inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa gelatin.